{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2023-54278",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-54278",
    "idYear": 2023,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2025-12-30T12:16:06.350Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-05-11T19:58:52.943Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:57:03.413Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "s390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled",
      "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ns390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled\n\nSince commit bb1520d581a3 (\"s390/mm: start kernel with DAT enabled\")\nthe kernel crashes early during boot when debug pagealloc is enabled:\n\nmem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off\naddressing exception: 0005 ilc:2 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3-09759-gc5666c912155 #630\n[..]\nKrnl Code: 00000000001325f6: ec5600248064 cgrj %r5,%r6,8,000000000013263e\n           00000000001325fc: eb880002000c srlg %r8,%r8,2\n          #0000000000132602: b2210051     ipte %r5,%r1,%r0,0\n          >0000000000132606: b90400d1     lgr %r13,%r1\n           000000000013260a: 41605008     la %r6,8(%r5)\n           000000000013260e: a7db1000     aghi %r13,4096\n           0000000000132612: b221006d     ipte %r6,%r13,%r0,0\n           0000000000132616: e3d0d0000171 lay %r13,4096(%r13)\n\nCall Trace:\n __kernel_map_pages+0x14e/0x320\n __free_pages_ok+0x23a/0x5a8)\n free_low_memory_core_early+0x214/0x2c8\n memblock_free_all+0x28/0x58\n mem_init+0xb6/0x228\n mm_core_init+0xb6/0x3b0\n start_kernel+0x1d2/0x5a8\n startup_continue+0x36/0x40\nKernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception: panic_on_oops\n\nThis is caused by using large mappings on machines with EDAT1/EDAT2. Add\nthe code to split the mappings into 4k pages if debug pagealloc is enabled\nby CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC_ENABLE_DEFAULT or the debug_pagealloc kernel\ncommand line option.",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "601e467e29a960f7ab7ec4075afc6a68c3532a65"
            },
            {
              "version": "bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "edc1e4b6e26536868ef819a735e04a5b32c10589"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "6.3",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "6.3"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.4.10",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.5",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}