{ "schemaVersion": 1, "attribution": [ { "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog", "licence": "US government work" }, { "source": "GitHub Advisory Database", "url": "https://github.com/advisories", "licence": "CC BY 4.0" }, { "source": "Have I Been Pwned", "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/", "licence": "CC BY 4.0" }, { "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)", "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse", "licence": "CVE Terms of Use", "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.", "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy." }, { "source": "FIRST EPSS", "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/", "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution" } ], "record": { "id": "CVE-2025-21722", "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-21722", "idYear": 2025, "status": "PUBLISHED", "publishedAt": "2025-02-27T02:07:30.387Z", "updatedAt": "2026-10-21T12:35:56.141Z", "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:57:29.455Z", "snapshot": { "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline", "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z", "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z" }, "facts": { "title": "nilfs2: do not force clear folio if buffer is referenced", "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnilfs2: do not force clear folio if buffer is referenced\n\nPatch series \"nilfs2: protect busy buffer heads from being force-cleared\".\n\nThis series fixes the buffer head state inconsistency issues reported by\nsyzbot that occurs when the filesystem is corrupted and falls back to\nread-only, and the associated buffer head use-after-free issue.\n\n\nThis patch (of 2):\n\nSyzbot has reported that after nilfs2 detects filesystem corruption and\nfalls back to read-only, inconsistencies in the buffer state may occur.\n\nOne of the inconsistencies is that when nilfs2 calls mark_buffer_dirty()\nto set a data or metadata buffer as dirty, but it detects that the buffer\nis not in the uptodate state:\n\n WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 6049 at fs/buffer.c:1177 mark_buffer_dirty+0x2e5/0x520\n fs/buffer.c:1177\n ...\n Call Trace:\n \n nilfs_palloc_commit_alloc_entry+0x4b/0x160 fs/nilfs2/alloc.c:598\n nilfs_ifile_create_inode+0x1dd/0x3a0 fs/nilfs2/ifile.c:73\n nilfs_new_inode+0x254/0x830 fs/nilfs2/inode.c:344\n nilfs_mkdir+0x10d/0x340 fs/nilfs2/namei.c:218\n vfs_mkdir+0x2f9/0x4f0 fs/namei.c:4257\n do_mkdirat+0x264/0x3a0 fs/namei.c:4280\n __do_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4295 [inline]\n __se_sys_mkdirat fs/namei.c:4293 [inline]\n __x64_sys_mkdirat+0x87/0xa0 fs/namei.c:4293\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0xf3/0x230 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n\nThe other is when nilfs_btree_propagate(), which propagates the dirty\nstate to the ancestor nodes of a b-tree that point to a dirty buffer,\ndetects that the origin buffer is not dirty, even though it should be:\n\n WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 5245 at fs/nilfs2/btree.c:2089\n nilfs_btree_propagate+0xc79/0xdf0 fs/nilfs2/btree.c:2089\n ...\n Call Trace:\n \n nilfs_bmap_propagate+0x75/0x120 fs/nilfs2/bmap.c:345\n nilfs_collect_file_data+0x4d/0xd0 fs/nilfs2/segment.c:587\n nilfs_segctor_apply_buffers+0x184/0x340 fs/nilfs2/segment.c:1006\n nilfs_segctor_scan_file+0x28c/0xa50 fs/nilfs2/segment.c:1045\n nilfs_segctor_collect_blocks fs/nilfs2/segment.c:1216 [inline]\n nilfs_segctor_collect fs/nilfs2/segment.c:1540 [inline]\n nilfs_segctor_do_construct+0x1c28/0x6b90 fs/nilfs2/segment.c:2115\n nilfs_segctor_construct+0x181/0x6b0 fs/nilfs2/segment.c:2479\n nilfs_segctor_thread_construct fs/nilfs2/segment.c:2587 [inline]\n nilfs_segctor_thread+0x69e/0xe80 fs/nilfs2/segment.c:2701\n kthread+0x2f0/0x390 kernel/kthread.c:389\n ret_from_fork+0x4b/0x80 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:147\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:244\n \n\nBoth of these issues are caused by the callbacks that handle the\npage/folio write requests, forcibly clear various states, including the\nworking state of the buffers they hold, at unexpected times when they\ndetect read-only fallback.\n\nFix these issues by checking if the buffer is referenced before clearing\nthe page/folio state, and skipping the clear if it is.", "affected": [ { "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "versions": [ { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "7d0544bacc11d6aa26ecd7debf9353193c7a3328" }, { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "4d042811c72f71be7c14726db2c72b67025a7cb5" }, { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "f51ff43c4c5a6c8e72d0aca89e4d5e688938412f" }, { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "19296737024cd220a1d6590bf4c092bca8c99497" }, { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "8458c686d50a804611b97038dd6e75a474ac2221" }, { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "1098bb8d52419d262a3358d099a1598a920b730f" }, { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "557ccf5e49f1fb848a29698585bcab2e50a597ef" }, { "version": "8c26c4e2694a163d525976e804d81cd955bbb40c", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "ca76bb226bf47ff04c782cacbd299f12ddee1ec1" } ] }, { "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "versions": [ { "version": "3.10", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThan": "3.10" }, { "version": "5.4.291", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*" }, { "version": "5.10.235", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*" }, { "version": "5.15.179", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*" }, { "version": "6.1.129", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*" }, { "version": "6.6.160", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*" }, { "version": "6.12.13", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*" }, { "version": "6.13.2", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*" }, { "version": "6.14", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix", "lessThanOrEqual": "*" } ] } ] } } }