{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2025-23135",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23135",
    "idYear": 2025,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2025-04-16T14:13:15.795Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-21T12:36:21.571Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:57:29.455Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "RISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit",
      "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRISC-V: KVM: Teardown riscv specific bits after kvm_exit\n\nDuring a module removal, kvm_exit invokes arch specific disable\ncall which disables AIA. However, we invoke aia_exit before kvm_exit\nresulting in the following warning. KVM kernel module can't be inserted\nafterwards due to inconsistent state of IRQ.\n\n[25469.031389] percpu IRQ 31 still enabled on CPU0!\n[25469.031732] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 943 at kernel/irq/manage.c:2476 __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031804] Modules linked in: kvm(-)\n[25469.031848] CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 943 Comm: rmmod Not tainted 6.14.0-rc5-06947-g91c763118f47-dirty #2\n[25469.031905] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[25469.031928] epc : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.031976]  ra : __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032197] epc : ffffffff8007db1e ra : ffffffff8007db1e sp : ff2000000088bd50\n[25469.032241]  gp : ffffffff8131cef8 tp : ff60000080b96400 t0 : ff2000000088baf8\n[25469.032285]  t1 : fffffffffffffffc t2 : 5249207570637265 s0 : ff2000000088bd90\n[25469.032329]  s1 : ff60000098b21080 a0 : 037d527a15eb4f00 a1 : 037d527a15eb4f00\n[25469.032372]  a2 : 0000000000000023 a3 : 0000000000000001 a4 : ffffffff8122dbf8\n[25469.032410]  a5 : 0000000000000fff a6 : 0000000000000000 a7 : ffffffff8122dc10\n[25469.032448]  s2 : ff60000080c22eb0 s3 : 0000000200000022 s4 : 000000000000001f\n[25469.032488]  s5 : ff60000080c22e00 s6 : ffffffff80c351c0 s7 : 0000000000000000\n[25469.032582]  s8 : 0000000000000003 s9 : 000055556b7fb490 s10: 00007ffff0e12fa0\n[25469.032621]  s11: 00007ffff0e13e9a t3 : ffffffff81354ac7 t4 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032664]  t5 : ffffffff81354ac8 t6 : ffffffff81354ac7\n[25469.032698] status: 0000000200000100 badaddr: ffffffff8007db1e cause: 0000000000000003\n[25469.032738] [<ffffffff8007db1e>] __free_percpu_irq+0xa2/0x150\n[25469.032797] [<ffffffff8007dbfc>] free_percpu_irq+0x30/0x5e\n[25469.032856] [<ffffffff013a57dc>] kvm_riscv_aia_exit+0x40/0x42 [kvm]\n[25469.033947] [<ffffffff013b4e82>] cleanup_module+0x10/0x32 [kvm]\n[25469.035300] [<ffffffff8009b150>] __riscv_sys_delete_module+0x18e/0x1fc\n[25469.035374] [<ffffffff8000c1ca>] syscall_handler+0x3a/0x46\n[25469.035456] [<ffffffff809ec9a4>] do_trap_ecall_u+0x72/0x134\n[25469.035536] [<ffffffff809f5e18>] handle_exception+0x148/0x156\n\nInvoke aia_exit and other arch specific cleanup functions after kvm_exit\nso that disable gets a chance to be called first before exit.",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "ce906c4ae572554f4ea4381d7d0a4ab39f5fca5d"
            },
            {
              "version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "b7236c52151c91f7b83a42d6ec5728a49e06416f"
            },
            {
              "version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "1edb2de48616b11ee05e9a65d74c70abcb6d9939"
            },
            {
              "version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "1521cc04f0b6e737ff30105aa57fa9dde8493231"
            },
            {
              "version": "54e43320c2ba0c70258a3aea690da38c6ea3293c",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "2d117e67f318303f6ab699a5511d1fac3f170545"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "6.4",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "6.4"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.6.160",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.12.114",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.13.11",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.14.2",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.15",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}