{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2025-23161",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23161",
    "idYear": 2025,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2025-05-01T12:55:46.021Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-05-11T21:14:09.062Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:57:29.455Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "PCI: vmd: Make vmd_dev::cfg_lock a raw_spinlock_t type",
      "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nPCI: vmd: Make vmd_dev::cfg_lock a raw_spinlock_t type\n\nThe access to the PCI config space via pci_ops::read and pci_ops::write is\na low-level hardware access. The functions can be accessed with disabled\ninterrupts even on PREEMPT_RT. The pci_lock is a raw_spinlock_t for this\npurpose.\n\nA spinlock_t becomes a sleeping lock on PREEMPT_RT, so it cannot be\nacquired with disabled interrupts. The vmd_dev::cfg_lock is accessed in\nthe same context as the pci_lock.\n\nMake vmd_dev::cfg_lock a raw_spinlock_t type so it can be used with\ninterrupts disabled.\n\nThis was reported as:\n\n  BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/spinlock_rt.c:48\n  Call Trace:\n   rt_spin_lock+0x4e/0x130\n   vmd_pci_read+0x8d/0x100 [vmd]\n   pci_user_read_config_byte+0x6f/0xe0\n   pci_read_config+0xfe/0x290\n   sysfs_kf_bin_read+0x68/0x90\n\n[bigeasy: reword commit message]\nTested-off-by: Luis Claudio R. Goncalves <lgoncalv@redhat.com>\n[kwilczynski: commit log]\n[bhelgaas: add back report info from\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20241218115951.83062-1-ryotkkr98@gmail.com/]",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "185a383ada2e7794b0e82e040223e741b24d2bf8",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "c250262d6485ca333e9821f85b07eb383ec546b1"
            },
            {
              "version": "185a383ada2e7794b0e82e040223e741b24d2bf8",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "c2968c812339593ac6e2bdd5cc3adabe3f05fa53"
            },
            {
              "version": "185a383ada2e7794b0e82e040223e741b24d2bf8",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "13e5148f70e81991acbe0bab5b1b50ba699116e7"
            },
            {
              "version": "185a383ada2e7794b0e82e040223e741b24d2bf8",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "5c3cfcf0b4bf43530788b08a8eaf7896ec567484"
            },
            {
              "version": "185a383ada2e7794b0e82e040223e741b24d2bf8",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "2358046ead696ca5c7c628d6c0e2c6792619a3e5"
            },
            {
              "version": "185a383ada2e7794b0e82e040223e741b24d2bf8",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "20d0a9062c031068fa39f725a32f182b709b5525"
            },
            {
              "version": "185a383ada2e7794b0e82e040223e741b24d2bf8",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "18056a48669a040bef491e63b25896561ee14d90"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "4.5",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "4.5"
            },
            {
              "version": "5.15.181",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.1.135",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.6.88",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.12.24",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.13.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.14.3",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.15",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}