{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2025-40245",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-40245",
    "idYear": 2025,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2025-12-04T15:31:34.142Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-08-05T12:08:49.485Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:57:34.152Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "nios2: ensure that memblock.current_limit is set when setting pfn limits",
      "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnios2: ensure that memblock.current_limit is set when setting pfn limits\n\nOn nios2, with CONFIG_FLATMEM set, the kernel relies on\nmemblock_get_current_limit() to determine the limits of mem_map, in\nparticular for max_low_pfn.\nUnfortunately, memblock.current_limit is only default initialized to\nMEMBLOCK_ALLOC_ANYWHERE at this point of the bootup, potentially leading\nto situations where max_low_pfn can erroneously exceed the value of\nmax_pfn and, thus, the valid range of available DRAM.\n\nThis can in turn cause kernel-level paging failures, e.g.:\n\n[   76.900000] Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 20303000\n[   76.900000] ea = c0080890, ra = c000462c, cause = 14\n[   76.900000] Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops\n[   76.900000] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: Oops ]---\n\nThis patch fixes this by pre-calculating memblock.current_limit\nbased on the upper limits of the available memory ranges via\nadjust_lowmem_bounds, a simplified version of the equivalent\nimplementation within the arm architecture.",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "7f7bc20bc41a4fbcd2db75b375ac95e5faf958ae",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "25f09699edd360b534ccae16bc276c3b52c471f3"
            },
            {
              "version": "7f7bc20bc41a4fbcd2db75b375ac95e5faf958ae",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "5c3e38a367822f036227dd52bac82dc4a05157e2"
            },
            {
              "version": "7f7bc20bc41a4fbcd2db75b375ac95e5faf958ae",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "b1ec9faef7e36269ca3ec890972a78effbaeb975"
            },
            {
              "version": "7f7bc20bc41a4fbcd2db75b375ac95e5faf958ae",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "90f5f715550e07cd6a51f80fc3f062d832c8c997"
            },
            {
              "version": "7f7bc20bc41a4fbcd2db75b375ac95e5faf958ae",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "8912814f14e298b83df072fecc1f7ed1b63b1b2c"
            },
            {
              "version": "7f7bc20bc41a4fbcd2db75b375ac95e5faf958ae",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "a20b83cf45be2057f3d073506779e52c7fa17f94"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "5.12",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "5.12"
            },
            {
              "version": "5.15.196",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.1.158",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.6.115",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.12.56",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.17.6",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.18",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}