{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2025-71097",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-71097",
    "idYear": 2025,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2026-01-13T15:34:56.814Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-19T18:15:12.771Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:57:44.935Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "ipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects",
      "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv4: Fix reference count leak when using error routes with nexthop objects\n\nWhen a nexthop object is deleted, it is marked as dead and then\nfib_table_flush() is called to flush all the routes that are using the\ndead nexthop.\n\nThe current logic in fib_table_flush() is to only flush error routes\n(e.g., blackhole) when it is called as part of network namespace\ndismantle (i.e., with flush_all=true). Therefore, error routes are not\nflushed when their nexthop object is deleted:\n\n # ip link add name dummy1 up type dummy\n # ip nexthop add id 1 dev dummy1\n # ip route add 198.51.100.1/32 nhid 1\n # ip route add blackhole 198.51.100.2/32 nhid 1\n # ip nexthop del id 1\n # ip route show\n blackhole 198.51.100.2 nhid 1 dev dummy1\n\nAs such, they keep holding a reference on the nexthop object which in\nturn holds a reference on the nexthop device, resulting in a reference\ncount leak:\n\n # ip link del dev dummy1\n [   70.516258] unregister_netdevice: waiting for dummy1 to become free. Usage count = 2\n\nFix by flushing error routes when their nexthop is marked as dead.\n\nIPv6 does not suffer from this problem.",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "5de7ad7e18356e39e8fbf7edd185a5faaf4f385a"
            },
            {
              "version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "33ff5c207c873215e54e6176624ed57423cb7dea"
            },
            {
              "version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "30386e090c49e803c0616a7147e43409c32a2b0e"
            },
            {
              "version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "5979338c83012110ccd45cae6517591770bfe536"
            },
            {
              "version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "ee4183501ea556dca31f5ffd8690aa9fd25b609f"
            },
            {
              "version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "e3fc381320d04e4a74311e576a86cac49a16fc43"
            },
            {
              "version": "493ced1ac47c48bb86d9d4e8e87df8592be85a0e",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "ac782f4e3bfcde145b8a7f8af31d9422d94d172a"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "5.3",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "5.3"
            },
            {
              "version": "5.10.248",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "5.15.198",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.1.160",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.6.120",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.12.64",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.18.4",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.19",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}