{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2026-40478",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-40478",
    "idYear": 2026,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2026-04-17T21:57:01.560Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-08-18T12:05:25.573Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:58:08.712Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf",
      "summary": "Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "thymeleaf",
          "product": "thymeleaf",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "< 3.1.4.RELEASE",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "thymeleaf",
          "product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "< 3.1.4.RELEASE",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "thymeleaf",
          "product": "org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "< 3.1.4.RELEASE",
              "status": "affected"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}