{ "schemaVersion": 1, "attribution": [ { "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities", "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog", "licence": "US government work" }, { "source": "GitHub Advisory Database", "url": "https://github.com/advisories", "licence": "CC BY 4.0" }, { "source": "Have I Been Pwned", "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/", "licence": "CC BY 4.0" }, { "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)", "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse", "licence": "CVE Terms of Use", "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.", "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy." }, { "source": "FIRST EPSS", "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/", "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution" } ], "record": { "id": "CVE-2026-45866", "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-45866", "idYear": 2026, "status": "PUBLISHED", "publishedAt": "2026-05-27T12:15:46.135Z", "updatedAt": "2026-05-27T12:15:46.135Z", "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:58:14.884Z", "snapshot": { "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline", "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z", "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z" }, "facts": { "title": "serial: caif: fix use-after-free in caif_serial ldisc_close()", "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nserial: caif: fix use-after-free in caif_serial ldisc_close()\n\nThere is a use-after-free bug in caif_serial where handle_tx() may\naccess ser->tty after the tty has been freed.\n\nThe race condition occurs between ldisc_close() and packet transmission:\n\n CPU 0 (close) CPU 1 (xmit)\n ------------- ------------\n ldisc_close()\n tty_kref_put(ser->tty)\n [tty may be freed here]\n <-- race window -->\n caif_xmit()\n handle_tx()\n tty = ser->tty // dangling ptr\n tty->ops->write() // UAF!\n schedule_work()\n ser_release()\n unregister_netdevice()\n\nThe root cause is that tty_kref_put() is called in ldisc_close() while\nthe network device is still active and can receive packets.\n\nSince ser and tty have a 1:1 binding relationship with consistent\nlifecycles (ser is allocated in ldisc_open and freed in ser_release\nvia unregister_netdevice, and each ser binds exactly one tty), we can\nsafely defer the tty reference release to ser_release() where the\nnetwork device is unregistered.\n\nFix this by moving tty_kref_put() from ldisc_close() to ser_release(),\nafter unregister_netdevice(). This ensures the tty reference is held\nas long as the network device exists, preventing the UAF.\n\nNote: We save ser->tty before unregister_netdevice() because ser is\nembedded in netdev's private data and will be freed along with netdev\n(needs_free_netdev = true).\n\nHow to reproduce: Add mdelay(500) at the beginning of ldisc_close()\nto widen the race window, then run the reproducer program [1].\n\nNote: There is a separate deadloop issue in handle_tx() when using\nPORT_UNKNOWN serial ports (e.g., /dev/ttyS3 in QEMU without proper\nserial backend). This deadloop exists even without this patch,\nand is likely caused by inconsistency between uart_write_room() and\nuart_write() in serial core. It has been addressed in a separate\npatch [2].\n\nKASAN report:\n\n==================================================================\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in handle_tx+0x5d1/0x620\nRead of size 1 at addr ffff8881131e1490 by task caif_uaf_trigge/9929\n\nCall Trace:\n \n dump_stack_lvl+0x10e/0x1f0\n print_report+0xd0/0x630\n kasan_report+0xe4/0x120\n handle_tx+0x5d1/0x620\n dev_hard_start_xmit+0x9d/0x6c0\n __dev_queue_xmit+0x6e2/0x4410\n packet_xmit+0x243/0x360\n packet_sendmsg+0x26cf/0x5500\n __sys_sendto+0x4a3/0x520\n __x64_sys_sendto+0xe0/0x1c0\n do_syscall_64+0xc9/0xf80\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\nRIP: 0033:0x7f615df2c0d7\n\nAllocated by task 9930:\n\nFreed by task 64:\n\nLast potentially related work creation:\n\nThe buggy address belongs to the object at ffff8881131e1000\n which belongs to the cache kmalloc-cg-2k of size 2048\nThe buggy address is located 1168 bytes inside of\n freed 2048-byte region [ffff8881131e1000, ffff8881131e1800)\n\nThe buggy address belongs to the physical page:\npage_owner tracks the page as allocated\npage last free pid 9778 tgid 9778 stack trace:\n\nMemory state around the buggy address:\n ffff8881131e1380: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb\n ffff8881131e1400: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb\n>ffff8881131e1480: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb\n ^\n ffff8881131e1500: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb\n ffff8881131e1580: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb\n==================================================================\n[1]: https://gist.github.com/mrpre/f683f244544f7b11e7fa87df9e6c2eeb\n[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-serial/20260204074327.226165-1-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev/T/#u", "affected": [ { "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "versions": [ { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "5e266ba8d330d3b8e5bc198f238cd8901826cfa1" }, { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "d3c75db4e0460641dbcd274b40867e252d801da1" }, { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "4e63d6f68544ae5269ac9735ae5b69b59b5b8725" }, { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "331e2b7051635780edea248dd08ae2026c126f4a" }, { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "52731ef4438155cea782fac74e547a327ab9e7c5" }, { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "c8c197aaa56b25a2d54f3aa07e27e228d6c08546" }, { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "40962f2bf8cdba63af23aec95ad3f49b689e58e2" }, { "version": "56e0ef527b184b3de2d7f88c6190812b2b2ac6bf", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git", "lessThan": "308e7e4d0a846359685f40aade023aee7b27284c" } ] }, { "vendor": "Linux", "product": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "versions": [ { "version": "3.11", "status": "affected" }, { "version": "0", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThan": "3.11" }, { "version": "5.10.252", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*" }, { "version": "5.15.202", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*" }, { "version": "6.1.165", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*" }, { "version": "6.6.128", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*" }, { "version": "6.12.75", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*" }, { "version": "6.18.14", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*" }, { "version": "6.19.4", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*" }, { "version": "7.0", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix", "lessThanOrEqual": "*" } ] } ] } } }