{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2026-98044",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98044",
    "idYear": 2026,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2026-09-25T10:23:55.454Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-21T12:54:12.833Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:58:41.756Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "bpf: Reject legacy packet loads from callbacks",
      "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Reject legacy packet loads from callbacks\n\ncheck_ld_abs() models a failed BPF_LD_ABS or BPF_LD_IND in a\nsubprogram as an implicit return with R0 set to zero. It calls\nprepare_func_exit() to explore this synthesized path.\n\nWhen the load is reached directly from a synchronous callback,\nprepare_func_exit() enforces the callback return contract and marks R0\nprecise. R0 is not derived from a real instruction on this path, so\nprecision backtracking reaches the callback call with R0 still requested\nand triggers the \"callback unexpected regs\" verifier bug. A privileged\nprogram loader can therefore cause a verifier warning and an -EFAULT\nBPF_PROG_LOAD.\n\nThese legacy packet-load instructions are deprecated. Reject them from\ncallbacks rather than complicating their implicit-return model. Check all\nactive frames before constructing the implicit return so nested static\nsubprograms cannot hide the callback context.\n\nGlobal functions are verified independently with a fresh frame zero, so\nan active-frame check cannot identify a global function called from a\ncallback. Also check the complete subprogram call graph during stack-depth\nvalidation and reject a function containing a legacy load when any caller\nis a callback. This covers global and static descendants without making\nhas_ld_abs transitive, preserving its per-function BTF return-type check.\nOrdinary uses outside callbacks remain supported.",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "8674e2db06cff6b50f2216eed9a761d15425bb34",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "cebda2a2bb4183550eae9dcf888c16407b4fffda"
            },
            {
              "version": "ce01a4e5cfac7adbe0be565f90cd32ecbb2f8337",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "3484a99303912db62428494a9061212049027e57"
            },
            {
              "version": "ee861486e377edc55361c08dcbceab3f6b6577bd",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "bc489c0c9b8c86bd7fac42cfd1bb152f042fca56"
            },
            {
              "version": "ee861486e377edc55361c08dcbceab3f6b6577bd",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "e7d28823c662128caae63f14e16bd394916c139b"
            },
            {
              "version": "928d354ae3557e8f755a227e67be88034eb3cd7f",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "version": "8a800497d9f6c2ec9c2c1ba7b71d0ac2ea7f7bbe",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "version": "de1055e7f9e67af32b1f3376066272b04e5223c0",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "version": "37ad2bb11e9de92cb7b94548705eeedd87f7d392",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "version": "d846d83bdacbd8f14fc45c63b8c1d22608452e1c",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.12.101",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "6.12.114"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.18.42",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "6.18.53"
            },
            {
              "version": "5.10.265",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "5.11"
            },
            {
              "version": "5.15.216",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "5.16"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.1.183",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "6.2"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.6.148",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "6.7"
            },
            {
              "version": "7.0.10",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "7.1"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "7.1",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "7.1"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.12.114",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.18.53",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "7.2.7",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "7.3",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}