{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "attribution": [
    {
      "source": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "licence": "US government work"
    },
    {
      "source": "GitHub Advisory Database",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "Have I Been Pwned",
      "url": "https://haveibeenpwned.com/",
      "licence": "CC BY 4.0"
    },
    {
      "source": "CVE Program (CVE records)",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/Legal/TermsOfUse",
      "licence": "CVE Terms of Use",
      "notice": "Copyright © 1999-2026, The MITRE Corporation. CVE is a trademark and the CVE logo is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation.",
      "terms": "CVE Usage: MITRE hereby grants you a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE™). Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized provided that you reproduce MITRE's copyright designation and this license in any such copy."
    },
    {
      "source": "FIRST EPSS",
      "url": "https://www.first.org/epss/",
      "licence": "free to use; FIRST requests attribution"
    }
  ],
  "record": {
    "id": "CVE-2026-98368",
    "sourceURL": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-98368",
    "idYear": 2026,
    "status": "PUBLISHED",
    "publishedAt": "2026-10-06T08:46:53.292Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-19T09:18:20.253Z",
    "importedAt": "2026-10-24T01:58:41.756Z",
    "snapshot": {
      "id": "cve_2026-10-24_midnight_baseline",
      "at": "2026-10-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "source": "https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/releases/tag/cve_2026-10-24_0100Z"
    },
    "facts": {
      "title": "esp: downgrade zerocopy managed frags before mutating skb frags",
      "summary": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nesp: downgrade zerocopy managed frags before mutating skb frags\n\nOn the out-of-place output path (esp->inplace == false) ESP rewrites the\nskb frag array: esp_output_head() appends a trailer frag and\nesp_output_tail() replaces the frags with a destination page, both\nreferenced with get_page().\n\nWhen the skb carries zerocopy managed frags (SKBFL_MANAGED_FRAG_REFS) the\npayload frags are owned by the ubuf and must not be referenced or\nunreferenced individually, but ESP mutates the frag array without ever\ndowngrading the skb.  This breaks the managed-frag invariant two ways:\n\n  - esp_ssg_unref() walks the source scatterlist and drops a page\n    reference for every frag, including the ubuf-owned payload frags,\n    pushing their refcount below the GUP pin bias while the pages are\n    still pinned, i.e. a use-after-free of the zerocopy pages;\n\n  - esp_output_tail() installs its destination page as frag 0 with\n    get_page() but leaves SKBFL_MANAGED_FRAG_REFS set, so\n    skb_release_data() takes the skip_unref branch and never drops that\n    reference, leaking the x->xfrag page at packet rate.\n\nFix this the way every other frag-mutating site does (__ip_append_data(),\n__ip6_append_data(), tcp_sendmsg_locked()) and call\nskb_zcopy_downgrade_managed() before ESP touches the frag array: it takes\na real reference on each existing frag and clears SKBFL_MANAGED_FRAG_REFS,\nso the per-frag unref in esp_ssg_unref() and the frag release in\nskb_release_data() are both balanced and no mixed-ownership frag array is\nleft behind.",
      "affected": [
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "753f1ca4e1e50248a1b760c9774d6d6b354562cc",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "2359264f377cdbdef2d95868cc8fb572949e48d3"
            },
            {
              "version": "753f1ca4e1e50248a1b760c9774d6d6b354562cc",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "69a768c12398cada8528080332c822623fa7064d"
            },
            {
              "version": "753f1ca4e1e50248a1b760c9774d6d6b354562cc",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "6508304ac2c8cdafca2f4ab915df8c707893e134"
            },
            {
              "version": "753f1ca4e1e50248a1b760c9774d6d6b354562cc",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "6cab554f2c0f28773f712ed3a5479103f42ce844"
            },
            {
              "version": "753f1ca4e1e50248a1b760c9774d6d6b354562cc",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "0d0845ee61c5df47cc68bc446501f48f71e8dcc6"
            },
            {
              "version": "753f1ca4e1e50248a1b760c9774d6d6b354562cc",
              "status": "affected",
              "versionType": "git",
              "lessThan": "f89416eb3db151170a6f3c6dfc5239d26cdce4d2"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "product": "Linux",
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "versions": [
            {
              "version": "6.0",
              "status": "affected"
            },
            {
              "version": "0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThan": "6.0"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.1.189",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.6.158",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.12.112",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "6.18.54",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "7.2.8",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "semver",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*"
            },
            {
              "version": "7.3",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix",
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}