{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "incident": {
    "id": "cve-2016-3081",
    "url": "https://cveboard.org/i/cve-2016-3081",
    "urlPt": "https://cveboard.org/pt/i/cve-2016-3081",
    "json": "https://cveboard.org/i/cve-2016-3081.json",
    "kind": "vuln",
    "live": false,
    "knownExploited": true,
    "severity": "high",
    "title": "Apache Struts RCE Vulnerability",
    "summary": "Apache Struts contains a command injection vulnerability that could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method:prefix when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled.",
    "titlePt": "Vulnerabilidade de execução remota de código do Apache Struts",
    "summaryPt": "Apache Struts contém uma vulnerabilidade de injeção de comando que poderia permitir que atacantes remotos executem código arbitrário via method:prefix quando a Invocação Dinâmica de Métodos está habilitada.",
    "cves": [
      "CVE-2016-3081"
    ],
    "ghsa": "GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm",
    "cvss": {
      "score": 8.1,
      "version": "3.1"
    },
    "epss": {
      "percentage": 0.96052,
      "percentile": 0.99877,
      "asOf": "2026-10-23"
    },
    "packages": [
      {
        "ecosystem": "maven",
        "name": "org.apache.struts:struts2-core",
        "vulnerable": ">= 2.3.19, <= 2.3.20.2",
        "fixed": "2.3.20.3",
        "advisory": "GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm"
      },
      {
        "ecosystem": "maven",
        "name": "org.apache.struts:struts2-core",
        "vulnerable": ">= 2.3.25, <= 2.3.28",
        "fixed": "2.3.28.1",
        "advisory": "GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm"
      },
      {
        "ecosystem": "maven",
        "name": "org.apache.struts:struts2-core",
        "vulnerable": ">= 2.3.21, <= 2.3.24.2",
        "fixed": "2.3.24.3",
        "advisory": "GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm"
      }
    ],
    "vendor": "Apache",
    "product": "Struts",
    "kev": {
      "dateAdded": "2026-10-08",
      "dueDate": "2026-10-11",
      "requiredAction": "Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.",
      "ransomware": false
    },
    "breach": null,
    "retracted": false,
    "sources": [
      {
        "label": "GitHub Advisory Database",
        "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm"
      },
      {
        "label": "CISA KEV",
        "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?search_api_fulltext=CVE-2016-3081"
      }
    ],
    "publishedAt": "2022-05-14T00:54:14.000Z",
    "updatedAt": "2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z"
  },
  "live": false,
  "events": [
    {
      "id": "kev:CVE-2016-3081:kev_added:2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z",
      "incidentId": "cve-2016-3081",
      "type": "kev_added",
      "at": "2026-10-08T00:00:00.000Z",
      "detail": {
        "dueDate": "2026-10-11",
        "ransomware": false
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "ghsa:GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm:ghsa_published:2022-05-14T00:54:14.000Z",
      "incidentId": "cve-2016-3081",
      "type": "ghsa_published",
      "at": "2022-05-14T00:54:14.000Z",
      "detail": {
        "ghsa": "GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm",
        "severity": "high",
        "fixed": "2.3.20.3, 2.3.28.1, 2.3.24.3"
      }
    }
  ]
}