CVE-2016-3081

Apache Struts contains a command injection vulnerability that could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method:prefix when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled.

Exploited in the wild

Severity

High, CVSS 8.1 (v3.1)

EPSS

96.05% chance of exploitation in 30 days (EPSS, as of Oct 23, 2026)

Vendor

Apache, Struts

CISA deadline for US federal agencies

Oct 11, 2026

Required action

Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Affected packages

• org.apache.struts:struts2-core (maven) >= 2.3.19, <= 2.3.20.2, fixed in 2.3.20.3 · GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm
• org.apache.struts:struts2-core (maven) >= 2.3.25, <= 2.3.28, fixed in 2.3.28.1 · GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm
• org.apache.struts:struts2-core (maven) >= 2.3.21, <= 2.3.24.2, fixed in 2.3.24.3 · GHSA-8c6j-ffmf-q6vm